Effects of Se nanoparticles supplementation on growth performance, hematological parameters and nutrient digestibility of Labeo rohita fingerling fed sunflower meal based diet / Efeitos da suplementação de nanopartículas de Se no desempenho de crescimento, parâmetros hematológicos e digestibilidade de nutrientes da dieta baseada em farinha de girassol alimentada com alevinos de Labeo rohita

Abstract The aim of the present study is to assess the effects of selenium nanoparticles on the growth, hematology and nutrients digestibility of Labeorohita fingerlings. Fingerlings were fed with seven isocaloric sunflower meal-based diet supplemented with different concentrations of nanoparticles naming T1 to T7 (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 mg/kg), with 5% wet body weight while chromic oxide was used as an indigestible marker. After experimentation for 90 days T3 treated group (1mg/kg -1Se-nano level) showed the best result in hematological parameters (WBC's 7.97 ×103mm-3, RBC's 2.98 ×106 mm-3 and Platelet count 67), nutrient digestibility (crude protein: 74%, ether extract: 76%, gross energy: 70%) and growth performance (weight gain 13.24 g, weight gain% 198, feed conversion ratio 1.5, survival rate 100%) as compared to the other treatment groups. Specific growth rates were found significantly higher in T5 than in other groups. The present study indicated positive effect of 1 mg/kg Se-nanoparticles on growth advancement, hematological parameters, and nutrients digestibility of L. rohita fingerlings.

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar os efeitos das nanopartículas de selênio no crescimento, hematologia e digestibilidade dos nutrientes de alevinos de Labeo rohita. Os alevinos foram alimentados com sete dietas isocalóricas à base de farinha de girassol suplementada com diferentes concentrações de nanopartículas, nomeando T1 a T7 (0, 0,5, 1, 1,5, 2, 2,5 e 3 mg / kg), com 5% do peso corporal úmido enquanto o óxido crômico foi usado como um marcador indigesto. Após a experimentação por 90 dias, o grupo tratado com T3 (nível 1mg / kg -1Se-nano) mostrou o melhor resultado em parâmetros hematológicos (WBC's 7,97 × 103mm-3, RBC's 2,98 × 106mm-3 e contagem de plaquetas 67), digestibilidade dos nutrientes (proteína bruta: 74%, extrato de éter: 76%, energia bruta: 70%) e desempenho de crescimento (ganho de peso 13,24 g, ganho de peso % 198, taxa de conversão alimentar 1,5, taxa de sobrevivência 100%) em comparação com os outros grupos de tratamento. As taxas de crescimento específicas foram encontradas significativamente mais altas em T5 do que em outros grupos. O presente estudo indicou efeito positivo de 1 mg / kg de nanopartículas de Se no avanço do crescimento, parâmetros hematológicos e digestibilidade de nutrientes de alevinos de L. rohita.

Effects of Se nanoparticles supplementation on growth performance, hematological parameters and nutrient digestibility of Labeo rohita fingerling fed sunflower meal based diet

Abstract The aim of the present study is to assess the effects of selenium nanoparticles on the growth, hematology and nutrients digestibility of Labeorohita fingerlings. Fingerlings were fed with seven isocaloric sunflower meal-based diet supplemented with different concentrations of nanoparticles naming T1 to T7 (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 mg/kg), with 5% wet body weight while chromic oxide was used as an indigestible marker. After experimentation for 90 days T3 treated group (1mg/kg -1Se-nano level) showed the best result in hematological parameters (WBCs 7.97 ×103mm-3, RBCs 2.98 ×106 mm-3 and Platelet count 67), nutrient digestibility (crude protein: 74%, ether extract: 76%, gross energy: 70%) and growth performance (weight gain 13.24 g, weight gain% 198, feed conversion ratio 1.5, survival rate 100%) as compared to the other treatment groups. Specific growth rates were found significantly higher in T5 than in other groups. The present study indicated positive effect of 1 mg/kg Se-nanoparticles on growth advancement, hematological parameters, and nutrients digestibility of L. rohita fingerlings.

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar os efeitos das nanopartículas de selênio no crescimento, hematologia e digestibilidade dos nutrientes de alevinos de Labeo rohita. Os alevinos foram alimentados com sete dietas isocalóricas à base de farinha de girassol suplementada com diferentes concentrações de nanopartículas, nomeando T1 a T7 (0, 0,5, 1, 1,5, 2, 2,5 e 3 mg / kg), com 5% do peso corporal úmido enquanto o óxido crômico foi usado como um marcador indigesto. Após a experimentação por 90 dias, o grupo tratado com T3 (nível 1mg / kg -1Se-nano) mostrou o melhor resultado em parâmetros hematológicos (WBCs 7,97 × 103mm-3, RBCs 2,98 × 106mm-3 e contagem de plaquetas 67), digestibilidade dos nutrientes (proteína bruta: 74%, extrato de éter: 76%, energia bruta: 70%) e desempenho de crescimento (ganho de peso 13,24 g, ganho de peso % 198, taxa de conversão alimentar 1,5, taxa de sobrevivência 100%) em comparação com os outros grupos de tratamento. As taxas de crescimento específicas foram encontradas significativamente mais altas em T5 do que em outros grupos. O presente estudo indicou efeito positivo de 1 mg / kg de nanopartículas de Se no avanço do crescimento, parâmetros hematológicos e digestibilidade de nutrientes de alevinos de L. rohita.

A Survey of Tobacco Smoking in University Students of Delhi / National Capital Region (NCR)

The prevalence of smoking amongst university students is common and widespread. Generally, the period of smoking gets triggered with the onset of adolescence. This period is also called student period in which the most behavioural traits are created. Hukkah is also another popular product being used nowadays by students as it provides the extra feature of smoking flavoured tobacco. Hukkah is considered more risk prone than cigarettes due to more carbon monoxide poisoning, tarring heavy metals and carcinogens. A study conducted in Israel also showed that 41% of students were smoking tobacco through Hukkahand in yet another survey conducted among the students of America, it was found that 27% had smoked hukkah,which shows that the prevalence of smoking Hukkah has increased. METHODSThe survey was conducted in one of the universities in Delhi/NCR during the academic year 2019 - 2020 by self-administering a questionnaire among the population of 200 students studying in various departments. The questionnaire included questions to analyse their knowledge, attitude and practice about smoking habits. RESULTSThe analysis showed that there was no significant gender difference in smoking habits and was more or less same i.e. in the range of 80 – 82 %. The trend followed was also same in both the genders. Smoking period ranged from 18 years to 27 years. The reasons for smoking were different in older smokers then new smokers. Older ones used the habit for averting stress whereas new students adopted the habit out of pleasure and get trendy. Hukkah was also seen to be used mostly by new or younger groups during parties. Good part of the study was that a major part of students i.e. 59.5 % had intentions / desire to quit smoking due to its ill-effect on their health and remaining wanted to continue with smoking due to their own reasons. CONCLUSIONSUniversity/college is a place where a student gets attracted to smoking habit due to reasons ranging from societal, physiological, psychological, mental pressures. In order to divert the attention of the students from adopting the habit of smoking, educational lectures among the college students should be organized on regular basis to raise awareness about the harmful effects of smoking on their health as well avoiding a wasteful expenditure of the hard-earned money, which can otherwise be used for maintaining a good health.

Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) & Pap smear positivity rates according to socio demographic factors amongst rural married women

Background: Cervical cytology which is a standard screening tool in developed countries fails as a screening method in low-resource countries due to financial and technical constraints. Objective: To determine the prevalence of pre-malignant lesions of the cervix by VIA and Pap smear test among rural married women and to find out association of socio demographic factors with positive screening test results. Material & Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among rural married women in the field practice area. A pre-designed questionnaire was administered to collect information from 550 women. Results: The VIA and Pap smear tests were positive among 5.5% and 3.6%study subjects respectively. Pap smear test result presented with pre-cancerous lesions such as atypical squamous cell of undifferentiated significance (ASCUS)16 (2.90%), low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) 2 (0.36%) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) 2 (0.36%). The VIA & Pap smear positivity rate was found to be more in the age group of ≥40 years, Hindu, education above intermediate class, joint family and, upper & lower socio-economic status respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of pre-malignant lesions of the cervix by VIA test was 5.5 % while 3.6% pre-malignant lesion was detected by Pap smear method.